Ergonomic Solvent Resistant Portable Computer

ABSTRACT

A portable computer that is ergonomic and solvent resistant is disclosed. The computer may have an exterior surface that is made from a soft polymer, so that it will shield a user from exposure to heat while providing a positive tactile feel and shielding the computer from impact. The computer may comprise a number of input output devices with distinct controls arranged about the body of the computer so that a user may comfortably operate each the devices with one hand. The housing of the computer may be sealed, so that it will be resistant to liquid and particulate infiltration, and may be easily wiped clean and disinfected.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to the field of portable computing devices, andmore particularly, to a portable computing device that is optimized tofunction in contaminant conscious environments, such as healthcare,warehouse, and shipping environments. The portable has a sealed casing,a soft exterior, and is resistant to solvents so that it can be easilywiped and disinfected.

2. Description of the Related Art

Portable personal computers (PCs), including tablet PCs, laptopcomputers, and personal digital assistants (PDAs), allow computer usersto utilize many of the functions of a personal computer whilefacilitating freedom of movement about a workplace. One type of portablecomputer, the tablet PC, can offer a very high level of mobility andflexibility to the user. These types of portable computers are wellsuited for use in the medical profession, where a doctor or nurse canuse the portable computer in place of a pen and paper. Because portablecomputers allow users to easily update files electronically while alsorecording data on a single device and moving from point to point, theyare potentially very useful in manufacturing and shipping environmentswhere they may be used to track inventory, record inspection data andmanage work flow.

By comparison to a desktop computer, portable computers are compact,lightweight, and easy to carry. However, portable computer designs maybe limited by a tradeoff between compactness and robustness. In otherwords, portable computers can be made small and lightweight by reducingthe amount of material that is devoted to strengthening and cushioningthe device. Similarly, adding design elements that strengthen a deviceor make it more impact resistant usually entails making the deviceheavier and/or larger. Another design consideration, processingcapability, may also inhibit the utility of portable computers inparticularly moist or dirty environments. For instance, increasing theprocessing power of a computer generally equates to increasing theamount of heat the device will produce. Such heat must be dissipated,either through an active cooling system or through the body of thedevice. Excessive heat dissipation through the body of the device maycause the exterior of the device to become so hot that it may burn auser or at least cause them discomfort. While an active cooling system,such as a fan, cools the computer in a more ergonomic fashion, an activecooling system generally requires recesses and an airflow path throughthe computer. The airflow openings of a typical active cooling systemmay make the portable computer susceptible to contamination by dust,dirt, and germs. Similarly, because the contamination may occur insensitive areas of the PC that are difficult and impractical to accessand clean, it may be difficult to disinfect or clean the PC withoutdamaging it.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problems outlined above are in large part solved by a portablecomputer that comprises a display, a front cover that is coupled to thedisplay, and a rear cover that is coupled to the front cover. A firstelastomer coating is adhered to the front cover of the portable computerand a second elastomer coating is adhered to the rear cover of theportable computer.

A method for gathering data is also disclosed. The method comprisesgrasping a handle of a portable computer that is arranged near a firstside of the portable computer and/or grasping second and third sides ofthe computer sides of the portable computer that are adjacent andperpendicular to the first side of the portable computer. The methodalso comprises activating a control located along the first side of theportable computer and activating a data capture device of the portablecomputer, where the data capture device is internal to the portablecomputer and located along the first side of the portable computer. Themethod further comprises storing data gathered by the data capturedevice in a memory of the portable computer.

Further, a system for gathering data is disclosed that comprises anelectronics housing that has a handle. The system may also have a set ofdata gathering devices, along with a set of transceivers and a set ofuser input sensors. The input sensors and data gathering devices may bearranged about the exterior of the electronics housing in a way thatallows a data gathering device and corresponding input sensor to beoperated with a single hand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent uponreading the following detailed description and upon reference to theaccompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 a is a front perspective view of a portable computer that isoptimized for use in a clinical environment;

FIG. 1 b is a top perspective view of the portable computer of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1 c is a right side perspective view of the portable computer ofFIG. 1 a;

FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the portable computer of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exemplary use of the portablecomputer of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another exemplary use of the portablecomputer of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another exemplary use of the portablecomputer of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a portable computer and stylus;

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the rear and bottom surfaces of a portablecomputer;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of at least a portion of a representativearchitecture for a portable computer that is optimized for use in aclinical environment; and

FIG. 9 is a rear perspective view of a portable computer with the rearcovers removed to show at least a portion of internal components of theportable computer.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications andalternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way ofexample in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. Itshould be understood, however, that the drawings and detaileddescription thereto are not intended to limit the invention to theparticular form disclosed, but are instead intended to cover allmodifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spiritand scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In response to the aforementioned limitations of portable computers, atablet style portable computer is disclosed that is optimized tofunction in typically adverse environments, such as healthcare,manufacturing, and shipping environments. These environments are uniquebecause they subject the computer to a disproportionately high amount ofcontaminants by comparison to a typical office environment. Healthcareenvironments may expose the computer to hazardous airborne contaminants,such as germs and bacteria. Similarly, manufacturing and shippingenvironments may expose a computer to liquids, dust and otherparticulate contaminants that can penetrate into a computer and degradeperformance or cause the computer to malfunction. Because of theincreased possibility of contamination and accumulation of dust,computers used in these fields must be designed to prevent contaminationof interior surfaces while incorporating an exterior design that is easyto clean. These contaminant-heavy fields also require workers to be verymobile, so any computer focused for such use should be resistant toimpact as well as easily carried and maneuvered by the user.

In a preferred embodiment, the portable computer integrates traditionalcomputer features with data capture technologies, handwritingrecognition, and speech recognition. The portable computer minimizes thenumber of ports and connectors, creating a semi-sealed device that iseasier to clean and disinfect. It may include several built-in datacapture technologies, such as a bar code scanner, radio frequencyidentification (RFID) reader, finger print scanner, and camera, therebyeliminating the need for bulky external devices. The design of theportable computer may provide a balance between performance andportability that is optimized for use in the healthcare, manufacturing,and shipping environments. The portable computer may include one or moreprocessors that enable wireless communication, one or more types ofmemory, a display, integrated Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g), WWAN (wirelessbroadband) networking, Bluetooth, a fingerprint reader, a camera, abarcode reader, a passive RFID reader, and a high-frequency passive RFIDtag. Here, WWAN refers to a wireless broadband protocol. Typically, WWANprotocols use cellular network technologies such as WIMAX, UMTS, GPRS,CDMA2000, or a similar protocol to transfer data. WWAN technologies aretypically offered regionally, nationwide, or even globally by wirelessservice providers, and as such, do not require a nearby access point toconnect a computer to a network.

Turning to the drawings, FIG. 1 a is a front view showing an embodimentof a portable computer (PC) 20 that is optimized for use in thehealthcare industry. The body of the PC is formed to include handle 24and comprises a magnesium alloy frame and exterior surface 22 comprisingof plastic parts overmolded with elastomer. The soft elastomerovermolding may be achieved by first molding a plastic cover to matewith the metal frame of the computer, inserting the plastic cover intoan elastomer mold to form an elastomeric layer on the plastic, andsubsequently installing the plastic cover onto the metal frame of thecomputer. However, it is noted that similar processes for achieving thesoft elastomer outer layer or overmolding may be substituted. Overmoldedexterior 22 serves several important functions. The elastomer's softnessrelative to a typical metal frame provides the PC user a better tactilefeel, and may help to absorb impact and prevent damage if the portablecomputer is dropped or otherwise subject to impact. Further, theelastomer exterior 22 has a low thermal conductivity that will insulatea user from heat produced by the PC and conducted by the magnesium alloyframe, and can be molded to conform to the contours of the computer. Anadditional benefit of using a particular elastomer and substrate plastic(for example, Valox), is that it is resistant to solvents that may beused to clean and disinfect the computer. Here, Valox is a family ofthermoplastic polyester resins that are semi-crystalline materials, andbased on polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) polymers. For effective cleaning, a polymer such asValox molded to form the exterior surfaces of the computer not coveredby a chemically resistant elastomer may endure exposure to a variety ofsolvents used for cleaning and disinfecting without sustaining damage.Such solvents may include antimicrobial solvents, window cleaner, andEPA approved low-level disinfectants, such as formaldehyde, phenoliccompounds, and iodophoric compounds.

FIG. 1 a also shows a 10.4 inch liquid crystal display (LCD) 28 thatallows information to be viewed easily without the need for excessivescrolling, and a set of thumb controls. The thumb controls may be usedto operate a variety of devices that may be integrated into the PC, suchas a digital camera and fingerprint scanner. More particularly, this setof thumb controls or “buttons” may comprise a function button 14 thatactivates secondary functions for the other buttons; a “Dashboard”button 15 that may call a control panel type graphical user interface; adirectional pad 16 that has functionality that is equivalent to thearrows on a keyboard; a customizable “A” button 18 that can be assigneda function by the user; and a “B” button 19 that can also be assigned afunction by the user. The assignable functions may include starting aprogram, running a command, or entering a key combination. A user mayassign a program, command, or key combination by first opening anassociated utility panel application; selecting the button they wish toassign a program, command, or key combination to; subsequently selectingan action to associate with the button; and saving the configuration.

Directional pad 16, which has up, down, and left/right arrows, mayautomatically orient itself to match the display orientation so that theup arrow will always point toward the top of display 28. For example,the button that functions as the “up” in a landscape orientation becomesthe “left” in a portrait orientation. As such, a user may easily changethe screen orientation to fit their current task. For instance, theportrait orientation may be better suited for filling out forms orreading an e-book, while the landscape orientation may be more ideal forWeb browsing or sketching. Next to the thumb controls are status lights17 that may indicate that status of a wireless communications radio, aBluetooth radio, and the battery. More particularly, status lights 17may comprise a number of LED (or similar) indicators that indicate thestatus of a number of attributes of the computer. For instance, statuslights 17 may indicate whether the Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g) adapter isenabled; whether the battery is charging; whether the battery ischarged; whether the battery has only ten percent of its chargeremaining; whether the battery has only five percent of its chargeremaining; whether the Bluetooth adapter is enabled; and the function ofthe stylus.

FIG. 1 a also shows microphones 80 that may record sounds and enable auser to operate the computer by issuing voice commands via voicerecognition software. In order for the microphone to function optimally,it may be necessary for the user to calibrate the microphone's angle ofacceptance. Generally, the angle of acceptance defines how the built-inmicrophones detect sounds. Because the computer contains multiplemicrophones, it is able to determine the angle, relative to themicrophones, from which a sound originates. When a computer is operatedwith a speech recognition program, it may be desirable for the computerto only accept commands issued from directly in front of it. As such,the microphone may be configured to ignore all sounds outside of aspecified angle of acceptance, and a user may adjust the angle ofacceptance to optimize the microphones for dictation and voice commandinput. A narrow angle setting may be invoked to optimize the computerfor dictation, voice over IP, or noisy environments. The narrow anglesetting configures the microphones to detect sound on a narrow anglenear the bottom center of the display. A medium angle setting may beoptimal for use by a small group, at a conference table, or in a quietenvironment. The microphones may also have a skew setting thatcorresponds to the direction from which the computer expects to receivesounds. The computer may have at least two sound input modes: dictationmode and voice command mode. In dictation mode, the computer listens toa user's voice and converts their words to text. In voice command mode,the computer listens for specific words that correspond to a list ofavailable voice commands that may be used to switch between programs,save documents, copy text, and paste text.

Many of the features of PC 20 are geared for use in a clinicalenvironment. However, it will be apparent to one of skill in the artthat these features will render the device useful in a number ofenvironments. In particular, handle 24 makes the computer easy to grip,a robust design helps to protect the computer if it is dropped, and astylus input device enables workers to input data without needing akeyboard or mouse. The device may also include various integrated datacapture devices, such as a fingerprint scanner, bar code scanner, andRFID reader to authenticate the identity of users, patients andmedication. Other integrated devices, such as a camera for documentingsymptoms and injuries may also prove useful. The computer may also havemultiple 802.11a/b/g (Wi-Fi), wireless broadband (WWAN), and Bluetoothradios that allow it to wirelessly interface with other devices andnetworks with similar connectivity. In one embodiment, the computer mayhave seven or more radio devices: primary and secondary WiFi, a tertiaryMIMO (802.11n), primary and secondary wireless broadband (WWAN),Bluetooth (WPAN), and a RFID reader. This heightened level ofconnectivity may help a user gather data without taking notes orsubsequently transcribing recorded data, and may also allow data to beinstantaneously uploaded to a network to update files stored in acentral location. PC 20 may also help to save time by equipping workerswith a small dedicated computer so they will not have to find and sharea common desktop PC when their job requires them to use a computer.

The computer may also comprise many integrated devices, some of whichare illustrated in FIGS. 1 b and 1 c. FIG. 1 c shows the right-hand sideof the portable computer of FIG. 1 a. Here, the computer has a sealablepower adapter port 26 and a Windows™ security button 25 that hasfunctionality equivalent to tapping “Ctrl-Alt-Delete” on a typical PC.This side of the computer also has power button 21, bar code scannerwindow 38, finger print reader 23, and RFID reader 36. FIG. 1 b, whichshows the top of the computer of FIG. 1 a, illustrates removable fancover 31, thumb control/button 44 that controls the RFID reader, RFIDstatus light 33, and bar code scanner control/button 48. Returning theFIG. 1 c, this side of the computer may also have camera button 29 thatmay trigger an integrated camera. An integrated 13.56 MHz RFID readermay be used to retrieve information from RFID tags that use radiofrequency (RF) transmissions to identify a product, animal, or person.This may be particularly advantageous because RFID does not requiredirect contact or line-of-sight scanning, and can be scanned throughmany materials, including clothing and water. An RFID tag can also storemuch more data than a typical bar code, and sophisticated RFID tags canboth transmit and record data. RFID can be used for asset tracking,identification, process control, health care, and pharmaceuticalapplications. The RFID reader may support multiple RFID formats,including ISO/IEC 14443A/B, ISO/IEC 15693, and ISO/IEC 18000-3. A barcode scanner may also be integrated into the computer so that users mayretrieve bar code information for asset tracking, identification,process control, health care, and pharmaceutical applications.

The RFID reader may be a near field (approximately two inches or less)RF transceiving device that transmits an activation signal to an RFIDtag and then receives a response signal transmitted from an active RFIDtag. In another embodiment, the RFID reader may only receive data from aRFID tag where passive RFID tags are used. Passive RFID tags differ fromactive RFID tags in that they transmit constantly at a low power level,and function without the need for an activation signal. The transceiverof the RFID reader may be positioned along the right hand side of thedevice shown in FIG. 1 c so that a user will be able to “scan” an RFIDtag in much the same way they would use the bar code scanner to read abar code by placing the RFID tag within close proximity of the RFIDantenna.

In order for the computer to record bar code information, the datastored in the bar code must first be captured and decoded. Accordingly,the computer may contain a bar code scanner that captures the bar codedata and sends it to a decoder. Once received by the decoder, thedecoder can translate the bars and spaces that make up the bar code andtranslate the information to a conventional data format. Several typesof bar code scanners are known in the art: pen type readers, laser barcode readers, CCD (charge couple devices) scanners, and camera basedreaders. Generally a bar code scanner functions by emitting light acrossthe bar code and measuring the amount of light that is reflected back.The scanner may then convert the sensed reflected light into anelectrical signal that is communicated to the computer. Here, a laserscanner may present the greatest degree of utility. Laser scanners maywork from as far away from the bar code as 24 inches, and some longrange scanners may function from much greater distances.

In some embodiments, the light used to read the bar code, camera light37, or even an independently controlled light source, may be selectivelyswitched on and off by a user so that the computer can also operate as aflashlight. This functionality may be user initiated through control ofthumb controls/buttons, and may also be initiated through the computer'scontrol panel utility. The flashlight capability may be particularlydesirable to a healthcare worker who wishes to perform their dutieswhile taking care to not disturb their patient.

The portable computer may include a 10.4″ XGA TFT LCD display with aprotective layer that offers a firm writing surface and minimizes glare,and a digitizer panel that enables handwritten data entry via thestylus. The computer may also have a variety of security features, andmay employ a software utility to manage passwords and other securitysettings. The utility may be used to capture a user's finger print, sothat they can subsequently use the fingerprint scanner to authenticatetheir identity in place of a password. The computer may also employother security features and passwords, and may also allow for the BIOSand hard drive disk to be password protected. The BIOS password may beused to secure the basic input/output system of the computer, and thehard drive disk password may be used to protect the computer and harddisk drive (HDD). If a HDD password is implemented, the computer cannotbe started without the password, and data on the disk drive may not beaccessed, even if it is removed and attached to a different computer. Asan additional security measure, the RFID reader may also be used toauthenticate a user by scanning a user's identification badge if itcontains an RFID tag. The device itself may also have an integrated RFIDtag that can be used for identification and asset tracking. The benefitsof some security measures may be two-fold because they not only serve toprotect sensitive information but also to provide a faster and easierway for a user to authenticate their identity when logging onto acomputer. For instance, in some embodiments, a user may log on to theircomputer by simply scanning their fingerprint rather than taking thetime to type a password.

Continuing with the drawings, FIG. 2 is a rear view of PC 20 (FIG. 1 a).Continuing with the positive ergonomic features of PC 20, most of theback of the device is covered by a relatively soft elastomer 22. Again,the elastomer may be Empilon, Santoprene or a similar low durometerpolymer that is resistant to cleaning solutions and solvents. FIG. 2also shows recess 32 within the handle portion of PC 20 that may be usedto store stylus 30. Instead of using a keyboard or mouse to receive userinput, the portable computer user may interact with the computer usingthe pen-type stylus 30. Stylus 30 may include a pressure-sensitive tip,a function button, and an eraser. Camera lens 34 is also located on theback of PC 20, allowing the PC to be used as a digital camera (as shownin FIG. 6).

As noted above, the portable computer may include other input/outputdevices and subsystems, such as a camera, a shock detection system, aspeaker, and a docking connector. The camera enables a user to takepictures and save them to the hard disk drive. Camera lens 34 may be onthe back of the computer, and may include light 37 to illuminate thesubject of a picture. The camera may produce pictures in BMP format,JPEG format, or a similar format. Two liquid-resistant microphones, asshown in FIG. 1 a, may allow a user to record audio, dictate notes, anduse voice commands without the need for an external microphone. Thecomputer may also include sealed speaker 39 that can be used for audiowarnings or confirmation, dictation, video playback, or other multimediaapplications. Docking connector 47 may function to attach the portablecomputer to a docking station to connect a monitor, keyboard, mouse, orother external USB devices to the computer.

FIG. 3 illustrates how the location of the bar code scanner button in anembodiment allows a user to aim and operate bar code scanner 38 whileeasily supporting PC 20 using one hand. Here, the hand of user 41 issupporting PC 20, while positioning and operating bar code scanner 38 toscan bar code 43. The arrangement of the bar code scanner button, alongthe top of the handle of PC 20 aligns the control with the thumb of theuser to facilitate one-handed operation of bar code scanner 38. FIG. 4illustrates similar features with respect to RFID reader 36. Again, thelocation of the RFID reader button allows a user to aim and operate RFIDreader 36 while easily supporting PC 20 with one hand. The ergonomicarrangement of the RFID reader button aligns the thumb of the user withthe button so that the user can position and operate RFID reader 36while using their free hand to accomplish other tasks.

FIG. 5 shows a clinical worker using the computer to create photographicdocumentation of patient's wound 45. Here, the worker captures an imageof patient's wound 45 by using the camera button (shown in FIG. 1 c) toactivate and control the camera. LCD 28 may function as a viewfinder toview the image in front of the camera lens (FIG. 2), and the cameralight (FIG. 2) may illuminate the subject so the user may see a detailedrepresentation of the photographic evidence they are creating in realtime.

FIG. 6 shows PC 20 and stylus 30 that can be used as an input device forPC 20. By using a digitizer and the pen shaped stylus, a user maycomplete forms and take notes on the LCD screen as if it were a pad ofpaper. FIG. 6 also shows a pinless docking connector 47 that allows thecomputer to be connected to a docking station without the need for atraditional male or female docking connector. Pinless connector 47comprises a flat surface that is easy to clean and disinfect as comparedto a traditional docking connector that contains either pins or recessesthat would make the connector very difficult to wipe clean.

The aforementioned stylus may be used to input data to the computer, tonavigate the operating system, and to enter text by writing on thedisplay. The stylus may feel more natural to the user than a mouse, andcan be used while the user is standing or walking. An input panel GUIthat allows a user to select letters from a virtual keyboard using thestylus may also be used instead of a keyboard to enter text on theportable computer without the need for an actual keyboard. Input fromthe stylus may be received via a digitizer positioned behind the displayscreen that detects the actions of the stylus. For example, the computermay include a high resolution 10.4 inch RF inductive digitizer, or adigitizer with similar functionality, mounted underneath the LCD that isconfigured to work with Microsoft Windows Vista™ or a similar operatingsystem. The digitizer may enable the instant transcription of a user'snotes by using text recognition software, eliminating the need forsubsequent manual transcription. The computer may also be equipped towork with Bluetooth devices or devices that use similar wirelesscommunications protocols, including Wi-Fi and WWAN networks and devices.Accordingly, the device may receive input from wireless data acquisitiondevices, such as stethoscopes, blood pressure monitors, thermometers,and similar devices to acquire data. This input may be instantlyanalyzed by a user or transmitted to a network to so that it may beaccessed and stored in a central network location.

The computer may also include several types of wireless connectivity,including WWAN, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Integrated Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g) maybe used to connect to the Internet, other networks, and other computerswirelessly from various locations, including many schools, hospitals,clinics, airports, hotels, or any location that offers a wireless accesspoint. An integrated Bluetooth adapter may enable other Bluetoothenabled peripheral devices, such as computers, mice, keyboards, andPDAs, to connect to the computer via a short-range wireless connection.

The computer's unique set of integrated input devices may assist usersto create documentation, administer medication, and manage work flow.Users may also use the computer to access and update patient data,scheduling information, and/or similar data at any time. This may havethe effect of eliminating wasteful double documentation, increasing theaccuracy of reported information, and in turn decreasing the potentialfor errors in transcription of information and medicationadministration. In short, the computer may greatly improve a healthcareworker's ability to correctly administer medication and treatment topatients.

The computer may be mounted in a docking station by connecting it withthe docking connector referenced in FIG. 1 a. The docking station maycontain two recesses. The first recess may be used to dock PC 20, whilethe second recess may store and charge a second battery. Charging canoccur via pinless mating connectors or through magnetic energy, thusavoiding any protruding pins or cavities where dirt, bacteria, or othercontaminants can accumulate. The docking station may be used to storethe computer in an upright position at which the monitor is easilyreadable, while charging the battery of the computer and equipping itwith peripheral devices that are generally associated with desktopcomputers. The docking station may also include a video outputconnector, such as VGA, HDMI, DVI, and S-Video connectors and a USB hub.The USB hub may enable the computer to connect to any USB enabled deviceand an Ethernet connection to equip the computer with a wired connectionto a LAN without the need for a dedicated connector on the PC. Byrouting all wired peripheral device connections through the dockingstation, the computer itself may remain free of complex connectorrecesses, making it easier to clean and more resistant to contamination.

When the portable computer is either not in use or used in a stationaryworking environment, such as an office, it may be placed in a dockingstation. This may be the ideal way to recharge the battery of thecomputer while also equipping the PC with the functionality of a desktopcomputer. Depending on whether the dock is being used for storage or tosupport the computer at a viewable angle, the docking station maycontain a pivot so that the computer may rest at a variety of angles.For instance, at a first angle, the dock may support the computer in anupright position when resting on a horizontal surface, so that it iseasily viewable by a seated or standing user. At a second angle, thedock may support the computer at an angle that is parallel, or nearlyparallel, to the surface on which the dock rests or is mounted so thatthe profile of the computer relative to the surface is minimized. Thedocking station may also have one or more intermediate positions toaccommodate scenarios with differing geometry (e.g. a standing user or ashort desktop viewing angle). In some cases, it may be desirable tomount one or more docking stations to a wall so that multiple computersmay be stored and charged without occupying table or desk space. Inorder to mount the docking station to a wall in a secure position, itshould store the computer at an angle that does not cause the computerto protrude too far from the wall or sit in an unstable position. Forexample, in one embodiment, the docking station may be wall mounted andconfigurable to hold a PC so that when docked, it will protrude no morethan 4″ from the wall. The docking station may also have an indicator,such as an LED light, to indicate whether or not a battery is fullycharged and may also contain a USB hub as well as other input/outputconnectors.

In order to prevent contamination, it is important for the computer tobe relatively well sealed. As such, any seams, joints, or openings ofthe computer may be sealed so that the computer will conform to IP Code54, as defined in international standard IEC 60529 which is hereinincorporated by reference, as well as less stringent IP Code 53. Toconform to IP Code 54, a device must resist water ingress when exposedto splashing water and also resist particulate infiltration when exposedto the conditions of a dusty environment. This sealing may beaccomplished by including a compressible seal, such as an O-ring orsimilar sealing mechanism between any joints or seams in the body of thedevice. The body of the computer may comprise multiple parts that arefastened together with a compressible gasket between them to resistpenetration by liquids, moisture, and even contaminated air. The housingof the battery may be similarly designed to include a seal so that onlythe external surface of the computer and battery may need to be wipedclean to effectively sanitize the computer. Further, the thumb controlsof the computer may be snap dome sensors, capacitive touch sensors, or asimilar sensor that does not require an opening in the surface of thecomputer. As such, even the controls of the computer may comprise asmooth surface that is easy to clean and resistant to contamination fromdirt, germs, and/or biological fluids.

Turning to FIG. 7, fan cover 31 may be removed and cleaned if it becomessoiled. To clean the fan cover, a user may press the fan cover releaselatch 42 and slide fan cover 31 away from sealed rear cover 35 of PC 20to remove it. The user may then clean fan cover 31 according to theguidelines of their organization, and slide fan cover 31 back onto PC 20until it snaps into place after it has been cleaned and dried. Thefingerprint reader (shown in FIG. 1 c) may also be wiped clean.

In addition to the various integrated devices outlined above, includingthe RFID reader, bar code scanner, and digital camera, the tabletcomputer may also have an abundant set of input and output devices. Ofnote, the computer may transmit and receive sound data via a wirelesscommunications controller in conjunction with an audio subsystem thatincludes a speaker system. The PC may also have wireless communicationscapability to transmit gathered patient information to a central networklocation so that patient files can be updated instantaneously. In thehealthcare environment, this means that up to the minute informationconsisting of pictures, vital sign measurements, and other patient datamay be readily available. In other working environments, many of thesame tools may be used to track work flow, delivery, and manufacturingstatistics.

The personal computer may employ a high level operating system, such asMicrosoft Windows Vista™, that includes ink-to-text and wordrecognition, voice recognition, and improved security to help defendagainst viruses, worms, and other threats. The higher level operatingsystem may also allow the computer to run more sophisticated softwareapplications. The computer may also include a customizable control panelor graphical user interface (GUI) may allow a user to enable or disableBluetooth, WWAN, and Wi-Fi, calibrate the digitizer, or check theremaining battery power.

To store data, the computer may contain at least one hard disk drive(HDD), as specified by a design engineer. In some embodiments, thecomputer may employ a solid state memory, or solid state drive (SSD)instead of or in addition to an HDD. Using a SSD that contains no movingparts may help the computer to withstand impact because moving parts aremore likely to sustain damage as a result of impact. In order to protecta HDD with moving parts, the computer may employ a shock detectionsystem. The shock detection system may detect shocks, extremevibrations, and falls. When a shock, extreme vibration, or a fall isdetected, the shock detection system may park the HDD heads away fromthe disk, which can prevent HDD failures and data loss. The shockdetection system may be achieved by considering input from anaccelerometer that is coupled to the device. An accelerometer may be amicro-electromechanical (MEMS) device, or MEMS accelerometer, thatcontains at least one accelerometer or inclinometer. The accelerometermay monitor changes in acceleration along three major axes so that itmay detect almost any motion sustained by a device. Accelerometers varyin the sensitivity of their target applications in that they are able tomeasure magnitude of acceleration on a scale of 0-1.5 g for higherresolution applications and 0-6 g (or more) in lower resolutionapplications. Here, a higher resolution accelerometer, such as a 1.5 gaccelerometer may be used.

An exemplary accelerometer may contain a packaged sensor element and isdesigned to have a customizable sensitivity level in terms of the amountof motion or change in position that is required to cause the device togenerate an interrupt signal. The interrupt signal may be generated fora change in acceleration on any axis above a predetermined thresholdvalue when the device is programmed to detect motion, and may begenerated for a change in acceleration on all three axes below athreshold value with the device is programmed to detect a freefall.Generally, the sensor element may function on the principle ofdifferential capacitance by including a displaceable silicon structurethat is displaced when the sensor is subject to acceleration. Thedisplacement of the silicon structure may generate a change incapacitance when it undergoes acceleration, and the change incapacitance can be used to generate an output voltage that correspondsto the experienced acceleration. By taking measurements as often as onehundred times per second, an accelerometer can detect even the slightestangular or linear movements. In practice, accelerometers have beenobserved to detect a free-fall before a device has fallen three inches.As such, the accelerometer may help to protect the HDD from damageduring a fall by immediately detecting a freefall and generating aninterrupt signal that parks the heads of the HDD so that it will be lesslikely to sustain damage.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a representative architecture of aportion of PC 20 that is optimized to function in a clinicalenvironment. PC 20 contains processor 50 that is connected to northbridge 64 and input/output controller hub (ICH) 56 or south bridge.Here, the north bridge may connect memory 54 and graphics controller 52which may operate LCD 28. To power LCD 28, a power source or inverter100 may be included and connected to battery 40. Power source 100 may bea significant source of heat, and as such may be thermally coupled tocooling system 51. Cooling system 51 may be controlled by cooling systemcontroller 53, which may receive input from one or more thermal sensors68. ICH 56 may connect a multitude of input/output devices, which arediscussed in more detail below, to PC 20. Accelerometer 72 and thermalsensor(s) 68 are connected via embedded controller 74. ICH 56 may extendUSB, Ethernet, or similar input/output (I/O) connectors to dockingstation connector 47. Also via ICH 56, keyboard controller 70 mayreceive user input via the various thumb controls/buttons 71. Here, thecomputer may be somewhat adaptable and customizable because each sensormay be assigned a unique identifier by a controller, such as keyboardcontroller 70. The controller may use the identifier to communicate userinput to the processor. Particular sensors, or thumb controls, may beassociated with particular features of the computer, such as theoperation of the camera, RFID reader, or bar code scanner, while othersensors may be associable with the same or different features asspecified by a user.

PC 20 may also have HDD 62 and/or SSD that is connected via ICH 56. Togather data, ICH 56 may connect bar code scanner 38, RFID reader 36,camera 66, finger print scanner 78, digitizer 27, and microphone array80. To output sound to a user, PC 20 may also have speaker(s) 82 thatare connected through the ICH. PC 20 may also house a variety of radiosthat are also connected via ICH 56. A WWAN transceiver and antenna 84may connect PC 20 to a wireless broadband network; a WiFi transceiverand antenna 86 may connect PC 20 to a wireless local area network; and aBluetooth transceiver and antenna 88 may enable the computer tocommunicate with Bluetooth enabled devices. Because the PC may containmultiple radios, it may be necessary to selectively activate anddeactivate particular radios, such as the WWAN and WiFi radios, so thatthey do not transmit simultaneously. The remaining radios may beselectively activated or deactivated based on user input and automatedprocesses, such as power management settings.

A mapping driver may also be included to map computer controls to thevarious additional integrated devices, such as the camera, RFID reader,and bar code scanner in a way that is independent of the operatingsystem. This will allow the software used with the integrated devices tocommunicate with the thumb controls and/or associated indicators thatmay be controlled by the keyboard controller. The mapping driver mayalso function to provide an interface between an operating system, suchas Microsoft Windows Vista™, and/or the BIOS of the computer. Themapping driver may also communicate with drivers associated with thevarious integrated devices to obtain control settings such as inputsignals and output indicators. The driver may interface with operatingsystem's registry to determine configuration information associated withthe various integrated devices and associated inputs and outputs.Additionally, the driver may interface with the BIOS of the computer andthereby implement control methods based on input from thermal sensorswithin the computer as noted above when the higher level operatingsystem is not functional. Additionally, a user interface, such as theMotion Computing Dashboard Utility, may be incorporated to control theintegrated devices as well as other features of the computer.

Since the computer may be sealed, it may be difficult to cool because acompletely sealed cooling system can only cool through passive means. Inother words, sealing the computer forecloses the option of cooling it bycirculating cooler air from the ambient environment through thecomputer. When more heat is generated than can be passively cooled, thecomputer may either expose a user to an excessively hot surface or limitheat generation by limiting processing power. Limiting processing power,or throttling the processor, may render the computer less effective, butmay be necessary to prevent the computer from sustaining damage causedby excessive heating.

As performance and processing power of the computer are improved, forexample, by incorporating faster processors, the computer may generateheat at even higher rates. Since the passive cooling system may offsetthe benefit of a faster processor, the limitations associated withpassively cooling the computer may become a significant hindrance.Still, it is noted that in some circumstances, scaling back theperformance of the processor to limit heat generation may be a viablemode of cooling. To this end, many processors are equipped with built-inthermal sensors. These sensors and other thermal sensors installed inthe computer may monitor thermal conditions at key points inside thecomputer. In a passively cooled system, these sensors may generateinterrupt signals at particular temperatures to initiate processorlimitations, automatic saving of sensitive system data, and even anemergency shut-down when a critical temperature is reached.Additionally, particular subsystems, such as the backlight of the LCD,can be powered down to conserve power and limit heat generation.

To maximize passive cooling capacity, the computer may have a chassisand one or more exterior plates that are designed to conduct heat awayfrom the computer and dissipate it into the surrounding environment.These conductive elements may be thermally coupled to the portions ofthe computer that generate the most heat, such as the processor andpower supply, by using thermal greases, heat pipes, heat spreadingmaterials such as GraphTech's Spreadershield, a graphite based heatspreading material, and similar conductive materials. To maximize theability of the computer to dissipate heat, the frame and body of thecomputer may be made from a thermally conductive material, such as amagnesium-alloy. While this type of construction may allow portions ofthe computer to become quite hot, a user can be insulated from excessiveheat by the elastomer overmolding (or similar insulating layer). Forinstance, while internal components of the computer may reachtemperatures at or near 65° C., the external surface of the computer mayremain below 55° C.

While it may be desirable to maximize the extent to which passivecooling is used, it is unlikely that a passive cooling system willadequately cool the PC if it operates at a reasonable processingcapacity for an extended period of time. As such, it may be desirable toseal as much of the computer as possible and incorporate a partiallysealed active cooling system that includes a radiator and fan assemblyin a portion of the device that is outside of the sealed cover of thePC. In other words, while substantially all of the computer may besealed, thermally conductive elements, such as heat pipes, may be usedto conduct heat to an unsealed location where it can be activelydissipated.

FIG. 9 shows a rear view of PC 20 with the rear cover removed. Here, thelocations of active cooling components can be seen along with the othercomponents located near handle 24. Below handle 24, PC 20 housesmicrophones 80 that are connected via microphone cable 101, along withelectrical power source 100 that may power the backlight of the LCD. Inthis embodiment, the power source is a power inverter that may convertpower received from the DC power source of the device to AC power thatis supplied to the backlight of the LCD. Above handle 24, the computerhouses WWAN radio 84. To the right of handle 24, the computer housescomponents of the partially sealed active cooling system. While the bulkof the components of PC 20 are sealed within sealed area 103 of PC 20,an active cooling system may be necessary to adequately cool PC 20.Here, heat pipes 92 may protrude across boundary 99 between sealed area103 and unsealed area 102 that houses fan 90 and radiator 94. Heat pipes92 may draw heat to the radiator from heat producing parts of PC 20,such as the processor and power supply. Because the heat pipes mustfollow a complex path that cannot be easily formed from flat heat pipematerial, heat pipes 92 may be formed from round heat pipe material andflattened on the ends to increase thermal conductivity and contact areasat locations where heat pipes 92 absorb or dissipate heat. In unsealedarea 102 of PC 20, heat pipes 92 may be coupled to radiator 94. Here,fan 90 may circulate cooler air 96 from the ambient environment acrossradiator 94 so that heat from the radiator may be dissipated into theair that is then discharged as warmer air 98. While this portion of PC20 is open to the ambient environment, it should still be configured sothat it can be sprayed with a disinfectant or cleaning material andwiped clean to the extent possible. Accordingly, it is desirable toselect a fan that is easily replaceable and tolerant to moisture.

In sum, a portable computer is disclosed that is optimized and equippedwith a robust feature set that makes it ideal for use in medicalenvironments and other challenging work environments. The portablecomputer is highly ergonomic, impact resistant, and resistant tomoisture penetration and contamination from airborne contaminants. Thedevice is also easily cleaned by virtue of its sealed design that makesit resistant to cleaning agents that may be used to remove dirt or killgerms and bacteria. It will be appreciated to those skilled in the arthaving the benefit of this disclosure that this invention is believed toprovide a multi-purpose portable computer that has improved utility inthe healthcare as well as other industries. Further modifications andalternative embodiments of various aspects of the invention will beapparent to those skilled in the art in view of this description.Accordingly, this description is to be construed as illustrative onlyand is for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the generalmanner of carrying out the invention. It is to be understood that theforms of the invention shown and described herein are to be taken as thepresently preferred embodiments. Elements and materials may besubstituted for those illustrated and described herein, parts andprocesses may be reversed, and certain features of the invention may beutilized independently, all as would be apparent to one skilled in theart after having the benefit of this description of the invention.Changes may be made in the elements described herein without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the followingclaims.

1. A portable computer, comprising: a display; a front cover, coupled tothe display; a rear cover, coupled to the front cover; a first elastomercoating adhered to the front cover; and a second elastomer coatingmolded to the rear cover.
 2. The portable computer of claim 1, furthercomprising a sealed exterior, wherein the sealed exterior comprises: thedisplay, sealingly coupled to the front cover; the front cover,sealingly coupled to the rear cover; and a handle.
 3. The portablecomputer of claim 2, wherein the sealed exterior is substantiallyimpermeable to water, and wherein the sealed exterior is substantiallyimpermeable to dust.
 4. The portable computer of claim 3, wherein thesealed exterior is substantially impermeable to a disinfectant spray;and wherein the sealed exterior does not degrade when contacted with thedisinfectant.
 5. The portable computer of claim 2, wherein the sealedexterior is configured to insulate a user from heat generated by theportable computer.
 6. The portable computer of claim 2, wherein theelastomer coating is pressure pliable.
 7. The portable computer of claim2, further comprising: at least two radios sealingly enclosed within thesealed exterior of the portable computer; at least two image capturedevices sealingly enclosed within the sealed exterior of the portablecomputer; touch activated controls sealingly enclosed within the sealedexterior of the portable computer; and data gathering sensors arrangedalong a second side of the computer, wherein the second side of thecomputer is an adjacent and extends perpendicular to the first side ofthe computer;
 8. A method for gathering data comprising; grasping ahandle arranged near a first side of a portable computer and/or graspinga second and third side of the computer sides of the portable computer,wherein the second and third side of the computer are adjacent andextend perpendicular to the first side of the portable computer;generating an activation signal by activating a control located alongthe first side of the portable computer; activating a data capturedevice in response to the activation signal, wherein the data capturedevice is internal to the portable computer and located along the secondside of the portable computer; and storing data from the data capturedevice in a memory of the portable computer.
 9. The method for gatheringdata of claim 8, wherein the activating a control located along thefirst side of the portable computer further comprises: operating a firstcontrol located along the first side of the portable computer to operatea radio frequency transceiving device that is operable to receive aradio frequency transmission from a distance of less than approximately2″; and operating a second control located along the first side of theportable computer to operate a bar code scanner.
 10. The method forgathering data of claim 9, wherein the activating a control locatedalong the first side of the portable computer further comprises:grasping the handle of the computer with one hand; aiming the portablecomputer with the one hand; and extending a digit of the one hand toactivate the control.
 11. The method for gathering data of claim 8,further comprising: activating a third control arranged along a secondside of the portable computer to operate a camera, wherein the camera isinternal to the computer and the lens of the camera is arranged along arear surface of the portable computer; viewing an image of the subjectviewed by the lens on a display of the portable computer; and activatingthe third control to capture the image.
 12. The method for gatheringdata of claim 8, further comprising manually entering data with astylus, and operating a directional control pad located along the frontsurface of the portable computer.
 13. The method for gathering data ofclaim 8, wherein the activating a control comprises applying pressure toa sensor that is operable in response to pressure.
 14. A system forgathering data, comprising: an electronics housing, having a handle; twoor more data gathering devices; two or more transceivers; and two ormore user input sensors, arranged about the exterior of the electronicshousing.
 15. The system of claim 14, further comprising an elastomerexterior.
 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the elastomer exterior ismolded to at least a portion of the external surface of the electronicshousing; and wherein the elastomer is pressure pliable.
 17. The systemof claim 15, wherein the elastomer exterior comprises a polymer having asemi-crystalline structure; and wherein the semi-crystalline structureis based on polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polyethyleneterephthalate.
 18. The system of claim 14, wherein the electronicshousing is sealed from the ambient environment.
 19. The system of claim18, further comprising a stylus, and a digitizer operable to receiveinput from the stylus to control the two or more data gathering devicesand the two or more transceivers.
 20. The system of claim 14, wherein:the two or more user input sensors comprises two or more discretecontrols mapped to each of the two or more discrete data gatheringdevices; and the two or more discrete controls are arranged along asurface of the electronics housing that is adjacent to discrete datagathering device to which it is mapped.